Benzoic acid is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid with aromaticity and the property of carboxylic acid. Therefore, two types of chemical reactions can occur, one is substitution reaction on benzene ring and the other is reaction of carboxylic group.

acid

The ionization constant of benzoic acid in water Ka= 6.4×10-5 (25℃), and benzoic acid is slightly more acidic than cyclohexane acid, which is due to the large electronegativity of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms on the benzene ring and the weak electron giving effect.

Benzoic acid can be used as a preservative in food, feed, latex and toothpaste. Under acidic conditions, it had inhibitory effect on mold, yeast and bacteria, but it had weak effect on acidogenic bacteria. The molecular state of benzoic acid has a higher antibacterial activity than the ionic state, so when the PH is less than 4, the antibacterial activity is high, and the optimal antibacterial PH value is 2.5 ~ 4.0, generally lower than the PH value of 4.5 ~ 5.0 is appropriate. Because of the low solubility of benzoic acid to water, in fact, it is usually dissolved by adding an appropriate amount of sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate in hot water above 90℃, and then converted into sodium benzoate before it is added into food. If benzoic acid must be used, it can be dissolved with an appropriate amount of alcohol before application. Since benzoic acid is less soluble to water than sodium benzoate, care should be taken to prevent precipitation and reduce the effectiveness of benzoate when using sodium benzoate in acidic foods. Benzoic acid can be used in soy sauce and cool drinks together with p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters to enhance

the effectiveness.

Formic acid

Formic acid (chemical formula HCOOH, molecular formula CH2O2, molecular weight 46.03), colloquial name formic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid. A colorless liquid with a pungent odor.

Formic acid is a weak electrolyte, melting point 8.6℃, boiling point 100.8℃. Acidity is very strong, corrosive, can irritate skin bubble. Found in the secretions of bees, certain ants, and caterpillars. Is an organic chemical raw material, also used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.

Formic and benzoic acids

1. Formic acid can pass through the stomach and reach the small intestine and duodenum without being digested. Its survival rate in the small intestine reaches 85%.

2. The survival rate of benzoic acid in the small intestine is 25%, and it is coated with products with low effective acid content.

3. Even if benzoic acid is coated, most of it gets into the large intestine, thanks to the protective fatty layer of the small intestine, where the actual sterilization is needed

4. To prevent salmonella and E. coli in sow faeces, formic acid is more effective.

5. Benzoic acid can reduce the PH of urine and reduce the emission of ammonia.

Benzoic acid in the European Union is not allowed to be added in the feed, the domestic addition of no more than 2 kilograms of palatability.

Calcium formate

Formic acid and calcium carbonate, calcium formate the main component of calcium formate, traces of formic acid in animals will be free, reduce gastrointestinal PH value, and a buffer role, is conducive to stability in the gastrointestinal PH value so as to restrain harmful bacteria breeding,

promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms, such as the growth of lactic acid bacteria, to cover the invasion of the intestinal mucosa is not affected by toxins, so as to control and prevent the phenomenon such as diarrhea, diarrhea associated with bacteria, its content in general is 1 ~ 1.5%. Calcium formate as acidulant, compared with citric acid, in the process of feed production not deliquescence, flow movement and PH value is neutral and not cause equipment corrosion, directly add feed can prevent vitamin and amino acids and other nutrients are destroyed, as an ideal feed acidulant, can completely replace the citric acid, fumaric acid, etc.